Thresholds for Different Result Colors in the SmartPLS Report

• Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), 3rd ed., Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
• Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Gudergan, S. P. (2024). Advanced issues in partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), 2nd ed., Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

PLS-SEM Algorithm Results Report including Consistent PLS (PLSc)

• Outer Loadings: Green if >= 0.7, red if < 0.7.
• Quality Criteria: F-Square: Green if >= 0.15 (moderate), black if >= 0.02 (small), red if < 0.02 (negligible).
• Quality Criteria: Construct Reliability and Validity:
  • Cronbach's Alpha: Green if >= 0.7, red if < 0.7.
  • Composite Reliability rho_a: Green if >= 0.7, red if < 0.7.
  • Composite Reliability rho_c: Green if >= 0.7, red if < 0.7.
  • Average Variance Extracted (AVE): Green if >= 0.5, red if < 0.5.
• Quality Criteria: Discriminant Validity:
  • Heterotrait-Monotrait Ratio (HTMT): Green if <= 0.85, black if <= 0.9, red if > 0.9.
  • Variance Inflation Factor (VIF): Green if <= 3, black if <= 5, red if > 5.

Bootstrapping including PLS (PLSc) Bootstrapping, Bootstrap Multigroup Analysis (MGA), and PLSc Bootstrap MGA

• Significance Level: Green if <= 0.05, red if > 0.05.

PLSpredict

• MV Prediction Summary:
  • Q²: Green if >= 0, red if < 0.
  • PLS-SEM_RMSE: Green if PLS-SEM_RMSE < LM_RMSE, red otherwise.
  • PLS-SEM_MAE: Green if PLS-SEM_MAE < LM_MAE, red otherwise.

Permutation Multigroup Analysis (MGA) including Consistent PLS (PLSc) Permutation MGA and Measurement Invariance of Composite Models (MICOM)

• Significance Level: Green if <= 0.05, red if > 0.05.
  • MICOM Step 2: Green if >= 0.05, red otherwise.
  • MICOM Step 3a and 3b: Green if <= 0.05, red otherwise.